Cryotherapy: What Are the Benefits?

There is empirical evidence that suggests that cryotherapy offers health benefits. The benefits of whole-body cryotherapy is however still being researched. Cryotherapy translates to “cold therapy,” and is a treatment whereby the body is exposed to cold temperatures for an extended period. The procedure typically involves exposing the body to temperatures as low as -200°F (-129°C) for a short duration, usually 2-4 minutes. 

Cryotherapy can be administered in just one area of the body (Localised cryotherapy) through ice packs, ice massage, coolant sprays and ice baths. Alternatively, you can choose whole-body cryotherapy, where the body is exposed to extremely cold air for several minutes. During the session, the individual stands in an enclosed chamber or a small booth that exposes the head. The temperature inside drops between -200°F and -300°F, and the session typically lasts two to four minutes. One session of cryotherapy has its benefits, but it is recommended to go for regular sessions to feel the full effect. Some athletes go for cryotherapy sessions multiple times in one day. 

As research on cryotherapy continues, many people are discovering its benefits beyond just muscle recovery. From mental health support to improved cognitive function and even relief for certain skin conditions, cryotherapy offers a variety of potential health advantages. Let’s explore these benefits in more detail.

Helping to Treat Mental Health

Cryotherapy has shown promise in improving mental health by helping to alleviate symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. The exposure to cold triggers the release of endorphins, the body’s natural "feel-good" hormones. This process may help uplift mood and reduce feelings of anxiety. Additionally, cold exposure can activate the autonomic nervous system, which may support the body’s ability to manage stress more effectively.

Muscular Recovery

Athletes and fitness enthusiasts often use cryotherapy to speed up muscle recovery. The cold temperatures reduce muscle inflammation and decrease soreness by constricting blood vessels. This process helps to reduce the buildup of lactic acid in the muscles, which can contribute to pain and fatigue after intense physical activity. Many people find that cryotherapy allows them to recover faster, thus improving their performance and reducing downtime between workouts.

Cognitive Function

One of the lesser-known benefits of cryotherapy is its positive impact on cognitive function. Studies suggest that exposure to cold can stimulate the brain and improve focus, mental clarity, and alertness. It is believed that the cold triggers the release of norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter involved in attention and memory.

A systematic review titled The Effect of Cold Exposure on Cognitive Performance in Healthy Adults examined various studies on this topic and found that controlled cold exposure may enhance certain aspects of cognitive function, such as reaction time and mental processing speed. The review suggests that short-term exposure to cold environments can lead to increased alertness and improved cognitive performance, likely due to physiological responses such as increased blood flow and neurotransmitter activation. These findings indicate that cryotherapy could be a useful tool for individuals looking to boost mental clarity and maintain cognitive sharpness, whether for athletic performance, work productivity, or overall well-being.

Improving Symptoms of Eczema

Eczema, a skin condition that causes inflammation, redness, and itching, can be challenging to manage. Research suggests that cryotherapy may help improve symptoms of eczema, particularly atopic dermatitis. A pilot study titled 'Assessment of the Influence Systemic Cryotherapy Exerts on Chosen Skin Scores of Patients with Atopic Dermatitis' examined how whole-body cryotherapy affected skin conditions. The findings indicate that exposure to extreme cold can reduce inflammation, relieve itching, and improve overall skin condition in some patients Cold temperatures can constrict blood vessels, which reduces the blood flow to inflamed areas and reduces swelling. The anti-inflammatory effects of cryotherapy can provide temporary relief from eczema flare-ups and improve skin texture.

Reduce Headache/Migraine Symptoms

Cryotherapy has also been used as a treatment for headaches and migraines. Cold therapy can help to reduce the severity and duration of migraine attacks by constricting blood vessels and reducing inflammation in the affected areas. Applying cold compresses to the head or neck may also offer direct relief. Additionally, research has explored innovative cryotherapy techniques, such as intranasal evaporative cooling, which was investigated in a pilot study titled "Therapeutic Effect of Intranasal Evaporative Cooling in Patients with Migraine." The study found that this method effectively reduced migraine symptoms by rapidly cooling the nasal mucosa, which may influence the trigeminal nerve pathways involved in migraine attacks. For people who suffer from frequent migraines, cryotherapy, including intranasal cooling, can be a helpful tool in managing and preventing episodes.

Risks and Side Effects of Cryotherapy

While cryotherapy has many benefits, it’s important to be aware of the potential risks and side effects. Some individuals may experience discomfort, numbness, or redness of the skin during or after treatment. Prolonged exposure to extreme cold can lead to frostbite or damage to the skin if not properly administered. 

Additionally, cryotherapy is not recommended for individuals with certain conditions such as Raynaud's disease, cold urticaria, or cardiovascular problems, as the extreme cold can cause adverse reactions. A scoping review by an international consortium evaluating the safety risks of whole-body cryotherapy/cryostimulation (WBC) highlights these concerns, emphasising the need for proper protocols and medical supervision to reduce potential harm.

It’s important to seek advice from a healthcare professional before undergoing cryotherapy, especially if you have any pre-existing conditions. Proper supervision and adherence to safety protocols will help to reduce risks.

How to Prepare for a Cryotherapy Session

To make the most of your cryotherapy session, here are some tips on how to prepare:

Dress Appropriately: For whole-body cryotherapy, you will be required to wear minimal clothing. For localised cryotherapy, wear comfortable clothing that allows easy access to the area being treated.

Stay Hydrated: Proper hydration is important before and after cryotherapy, as it helps maintain optimal blood circulation and supports muscle recovery.

Avoid Heavy Meals: It's best to avoid eating a heavy meal immediately before your session. You can have a light snack or meal at least 1-2 hours before treatment.

Consult with a Professional: If you’re new to cryotherapy, it’s a good idea to consult with a professional who can assess your health and guide you through the process to ensure your safety.

Be Prepared for the Cold: The extreme temperatures may feel intense initially, but the session is typically brief, lasting only a few minutes. Keep in mind that the cold exposure is temporary and the benefits usually follow shortly after the session.

Ready to Experience the Benefits of Cryotherapy?

Cryotherapy offers many potential benefits, including helping with mental health treatment, muscular recovery, cognitive function improvement, and skin conditions such as eczema. While it provides a variety of advantages, it’s important to consider the risks and consult with a healthcare professional before starting treatment. Our electric cryotherapy chamber is designed to speed up recovery and improve performance. It's ideal for athletes and wellness centres. Offering up to 10 continuous sessions per hour at -110°C, it’s the perfect addition to your wellness routine. Get started today!